【英語多益通】重要檔案被「加密」！哭哭前先學英文encrypt
文／樑民康
近日，全球有上百個國家的個人與商用電腦，遭到「勒索軟體WannaCry」網路攻擊，這個惡意軟體會鎖住電腦檔案，並向受害者勒索比特幣來開鎖。臺灣也深受其害，不曉得開機後是不是要面對文件資料「被綁架」的情形。
如果你打開電腦發現奇怪的狀況，想和外國同事討論時，該怎麼用英文表達呢？我們以May和Jay的對話爲範例，學一些好用的單字，還能幫助你解多益測驗的題目，想不到吧！
Timer (n.) 計時器
May: My computer crashed when I turned it on. All I got on the screen was a strange, frozen image showing a big lock, a couple of timers, and a bunch of words I didn’t quite understand.（我的電腦在開機時當掉了。我在熒幕上只能看到奇怪的凍結畫面，有一把大鎖，兩個計時器，還有一堆我看不太懂的文字。）
Jay: OMG, your computer has been hacked. The hackers have encrypted your files.（老天爺啊！妳的電腦被駭了。駭客把妳的檔案加密了。）
許多電器用品上面都有計時器，如烤箱、微波爐等，稱爲automatic timer （自動計時器）。計時器故障automatic timer malfunction常出現在聽力的獨白題與閱讀測驗當中，作爲客戶投訴（customer complaint）的緣由之一。而「填客訴單」to file a complaint，也是常考的片語。
請注意automatic （自動的） 與automated（自動化的） 語意不同！automated專指「以機器取代人力」，如影印機、ATM（自動提款機）；而automatic則泛指任何自發的動作，如the ban automatically takes effect（禁令自動生效），但不能用automated。
* 補充字彙Crash v. 當機Frozen image凍結畫面Hack v. 駭入Encrypt v. 加密
這次爆發的勒索病毒WannaCry，贖金收取比特幣（Bitcoin），令比特幣備受關注。關於比特幣，有哪些多益單字可以學呢？
Jay: They lock your files and you have to pay them to get your computer back to normal. The standard payment is US$300-600. But you can’t pay them cash. You have to pay in bitcoins.（他們把妳的檔案鎖住，妳得付錢才能讓電腦恢復正常。標準的金額是三百到六百美金左右。妳還不能付現金，而得付比特。.）
May: Bitcoins? I’ve never heard of that kind of currency. Is it more valuable than NT dollars? Should I pay? I’ve got some really important files in my computer.（比特幣？我從沒聽說過這種貨幣。它比新臺幣大還是小？我該付錢嗎？我的電腦裡面有很重要的檔案耶！）
Currency基本意思是「流通」，也指「通貨；貨幣」，同字源且容易混淆的字彙包括：Current n. 水流Current a. 目前的Currently adv. 目前地
Valuable形容詞爲「值錢的」，若當作名詞，意思是「貴重物品」，常用複數呈現。例句：The movie star had to sell most of her valuables to pay the debts.（那位電影明星必需賣掉絕大多數的貴重物品，才能償還她的債務。）
* 補充字彙Standard a. 標準的
Jay: Don’t worry. What’s an IT guy for? I believe there are other colleagues in the office who are having the same problem. I’ll get my team and deal with it, and you will have your computer back in no time.（別擔心，資訊部是拿來幹嘛的？我相信辦公室裡還有其他同事正面臨相同的問題。我會找我的組員來一起解決這問題，妳應該很快就可以拿回妳的電腦了。）
* 補充字彙Colleague n. 同事Deal with 對付；處理In no time 很快地
多益練習題
請參考以下的對話，回答三組問題：
John: Mr. Toyoda, I’ve heard about the ransomware problem in your company. Is everything alright? There are so many computers in your office. Are all of them hacked or just some of them?
Mr. Toyoda: Thank you for asking, John. Almost half of our computers were hacked. We should have updated our operation system regularly. We didn’t because many employees complained that the software update slowed their computers down. Anyway, we hired some experts and the problem was solved.
John: It’s good to hear that everything’s fine. I have told my colleagues and my family to be wary about fraudulent emails and unfamiliar websites. They are the most possible sources of viruses and malware.
1. What kind of problem did Mr. Toyoda have in his company?(A) His company just lost a big contract. (B) Many of his fellow workers have caught virus.(C) A number of computer had the ransom ware problem.(D) He fired a lot of workers recently.
解析：題目問Toyoda先生的公司發生什麼問題？兩人的對話中提到一些電腦中了勒索軟體病毒，所以選(C)。選項(B)意思是「很多同事感染virus（病毒）」，此病毒意指「流行感冒」而非「電腦病毒」。
2. What was the reason behind the problem?(A) Many of Mr. Toyoda’s colleagues didn’t update their computer software.(B) The hackers were former employees of Mr. Toyoda’s company.(C) Many customers complained about Toyoda’s service.(D) Mr. Toyoda didn’t know how to update his computer.
解析：發生問題的原因是Toyoda先生的許多同事沒有更新電腦，纔會中毒，故選(A)。對話中並未提及駭客是Toyoda先生公司的前員工，也沒提到Toyoda先生是否懂得如何更新電腦，因此不能選(B)和(D)。
3. What has John told his family and coworkers to be careful about?(A) Saving files often in case their computers crash.(B) Questionable emails and websites.(C) Colleagues who may steal their files.(D) The people they hire to hack their computers.
解析：John囑咐同事與家人該小心的是不要打開不明電郵或上可疑網站，故選(B)。選項(A)常儲存檔案以防電腦當機，對話中並未提到；(D)他們僱用來駭入他們電腦的人，不合邏輯，且原文也未提及。
翻譯約翰：豐田先生，我聽說貴公司發生勒索軟體攻擊事件，一切都還好嗎？辦公室裡有那麼多臺電腦，是全部的電腦都遭攻擊，還是隻有部分被駭呢？
豐田先生：謝謝你的關心。公司內幾乎一半的電腦都被攻擊了，我們真應該定期更新作業系統。我們之所以沒這麼做，是因爲許多員工抱怨更新軟體讓他們的電腦速度變慢。無論如何，我們僱用一些專家，也已經解決問題了。
約翰：聽到你說沒事那真是太好了。我已經告訴我的同事和家人要對詐騙郵件和不熟悉的網站提高警覺，因爲這兩者是電腦病毒和惡意程式的最大來源。